Pemikiran Politik Ayatullah Khomeini

Kontestasi Wilāyatul Faqīh, Monarki, dan Demokrasi

Abstract

This study examines the political thought of Ayatollah Khomeini, focusing on the concept of wilāyatul faqīh and how this concept contested with monarchy and democracy in the theoretical and practical realms at the beginning of the emergence of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the theoretical realm, this study examines the thoughts of Ayatollah Khomeini as the leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, who proposed wilāyatul faqīh as the foundation of Iran's new state after the success of the revolution. This study also compares the concept with monarchy and democracy in Khomeini's political thought. Practically, this study begins with a chronicle of Khomeini's political career to posit his theoretical thoughts in the chronology of the success of the 1979 Iranian Revolution. This study shows that Khomeini's total rejection of monarchy was initially triggered by his political journey which ultimately revised all his views on monarchy. His acceptance of democracy was more due to its coherence with the Islamic values he adhered to. At the end of the discussion, this study reviews how the application of wilāyatul faqīh in Iran anticipated the emergence of despotism.